Early detection is crucial to contain the spread. Signs include:

• Stomach feeling bloated
• Hunger satisfied after eating less
• Constipation
• Loss of weight
• Pelvic discomfort
• Need to pass urine frequently

The exact cause is not known but the following groups have a higher risk:

• Women in the age group of 50-60
• Genes BRCA 1 & 2 increase the risk of ovarian as well as breast cancer
• History of ovarian cancer in the family
• Starting menstrual cycle early and late menopause
• Estrogen therapy given in high doses for long durations

• A pelvic examination to check the vagina and cervix
• An ultrasound or CT scan
• Blood test for tumour markers

• If the cancer is limited to one ovary, surgical removal of that ovary and fallopian tube will be done.
• If the cancer has spread to other organs, removal of the uterus and associated organs will be needed. In such a case, it will not be possible to have children in the future.
• If cancer has spread over the body, surgery might be followed by chemotherapy to control it.

• Birth control pills might help. They have side effects, so a thorough discussion with the doctor is necessary.
• A family history of ovarian cancer may need genetic testing. If risk is very high, ovaries could be removed as a preventive measure.