Overview
In women with poly cystic ovaries, fluid filled sacs called follicles develop on the ovaries. This condition is diagnosed in women as they approach reproductive age. These follicles can affect the normal functioning of the ovary.
Poly Cystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Poly Cystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Signs and Symptoms
- Irregular periods cycle
- More than 35 days in-between two cycles
- Periods are heavy when they do come
- Facial hair
- Bad acne
- Pattern of baldness usually seen in men
- Some women may experience headaches
Causes and Risk Factors
Though the exact cause remains elusive, the following may have an effect:
- Genetically linked
- Increased levels of androgen
Risk factors include:
- Insulin resistance
- Obesity
Complications
- Difficulty in getting pregnant
- Hypertension
- Diabetes
- High LDL or bad cholesterol
- Heart problems
- Risk of endometrial cancer increases
- Sleep apnea
Diagnosis
- Medical history of menstrual cycle
- Pelvic examination
- Blood tests for androgen levels
- Ultrasound of the abdomen to confirm poly cystic ovaries
Surgery
- Lifestyle changes benefit women with PCOS immensely. A healthy diet which focuses on fruits and vegetables are best. Exercise has been seen to have a major beneficial effect. Both diet and exercise together are recommended to tackle complications like insulin resistance, diabetes and weight loss.
- Medicines (like metformin and birth control pills) are also available to treat PCOS.
- When other options do not work, surgery (ovarian drilling) can be done to re-establish normal ovulation.
Prevention
- Eating a healthy diet
- Exercising regularly
- Maintaining body weight
Other Diseases
- Amenorrhea
- Atrophic Vaginitis
- Bacterial Vaginosis
- Cervical Cancer
- Early Menopause
- Endometrial Cancer
- Female Infertility
- Female Sexual Dysfunction
- Gonorrhoea
- Menopause
- Menorrhagia
- Menstrual Cramps
- Ovarian Cancer
- Ovarian Cysts
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
- Pelvic Pain – Chronic
- Uterine Fibroids
- Uterine Polyps
- Poor Ovarian Reserve
- Chocolate Cyst/ Endometriotic Cyst
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