What are the diseases/conditions treated by the ear, nose, and throat (ENT care) department?

Hearing/Ears

• Balance disorders

These include any illnesses or disorders that make you feel unsteady or dizzy. It is caused by certain health conditions, medications, a problem in the inner ear or the brain.

• Dizziness

Dizziness is a sudden internal or external spinning sensation. It is often triggered by moving your head too quickly.

Common causes of dizziness include:

• Migraine
• Medications
• Alcohol

• Ear deformities

Ear deformities are present from birth so are congenital. Children and adults may develop ear deformities from trauma or disease in rare cases.

• Ear infections

Inflammation of the inner, middle, or outer ear, often with a bacterial or viral infection.

• Hearing problems and deafness

Total or partial inability to hear is known as hearing impairment. Hearing impairment would lead to little to no hearing. Both or one ear might be affected by this.

• Tinnitus

The perception of noise or ringing in the ears is Tinnitus.

• Vertigo

The feeling that you’re moving when you’re stable is called vertigo or it might also feel the other way around like things around you are moving when they aren’t. People usually relate vertigo to motion sickness. The sensation of “feeling dizzy” or feeling as if the room is spinning is how people experiencing vertigo generally describe it.

Nose

• Abnormal sense of smell

Smelling an odour that is not actually there is called phantosmia. It is also called an olfactory hallucination or a phantom odour. It may occur in one nostril or both.

• Allergies

An allergy is an immune system response to a foreign substance that is not harmful to your body.

• Breathing issues

Breathing issues can cause a host of symptoms:

• Nasal congestion
• Runny nose
• Itchy or watery eyes
• Chest congestion
• Cough
• Wheezing
• Shallow breathing

• Chronic sinus infections

An infection, growths in the sinuses (nasal polyps) or swelling of the lining of your sinuses causes chronic sinusitis.

Signs and symptoms may include:

• Nasal obstruction or congestion causes difficulty in breathing through your nose
• Pain and swelling around your eyes, cheeks, nose or forehead.

• Nasal obstruction

Some blockage of the nose or nasal cavity is referred to as nasal obstruction. It can be caused by a wide variety of problems.

• Septal deviation

Sideways displacement of the wall between the nostrils.

Mouth and throat

• Adenoiditis

It is an inflammation of the adenoids which is caused by infection. Masses of lymphatic tissue that help the body fight infection are known as adenoids.

• Chronic cough

When a cough lasts longer than 8 weeks in adults or 4 weeks in children, it is referred to as a chronic cough. Common causes include:

• Asthma
• Allergies
• Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
• Bronchitis.

• Speech problems

Stuttering, apraxia, and dysarthria are types of speech disorders. Muscle weakness, brain injuries, degenerative diseases, autism, and hearing loss are possible causes of speech disorders.

• Swallowing problems

The inability to swallow foods or liquids with ease is referred to as swallowing difficulty. People facing swallowing difficulty or problems would have a hard time swallowing which would lead to choking on their food or liquid when trying to swallow.

• Tonsillitis

Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils. It is two oval-shaped pads of tissue at the back of the throat

Face

• Birth defects

Cleft lip and cleft palate are the most common defects of the face. Ears, eyes, and jaw might be other defects.

• Jaw and face fractures

Jaw fractures are usually considered facial fractures, but it is a fracture in the upper jaw. As a result of blunt trauma, the mandible is often broken.

Sleeping

• Sleep apnea

It is a sleep disorder in which normal breathing is disrupted and it repeatedly stops and starts. Having a full night’s sleep and still feeling tired is a sign of sleep apnea.

• Voice problems

Voice disorders affect the ability to speak normally. Laryngitis paralyzed vocal cords, and a nerve problem is a few of the disorders that cause the vocal cords to spasm.